3D crustal density modeling of Egypt using GOCE satellite gravity data and seismic integration

A 3D crustal model was constructed using a combination of cutting-edge techniques, which were integrated to provide a density model for Egypt and address the sporadic distribution of seismic data. These techniques include obtaining gravity data from the Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer (GOCE), creating seismic profiles, analyzing the receiver functions of seismic data, obtaining information from boreholes, and providing geological interpretations. GOCE satellite gravity data were processed to construct a preliminary model based on nonlinear inversions of the data. A regional crustal thickness model was developed using receiver functions, seismic refraction profiles, and geological insights. The inverted model was validated using borehole data and compared with seismic estimates. The model exhibited strong consistency and revealed a correlation between crustal thickness, geology, and tectonics of Egypt. It showed that the shallowest depths of the Moho are located in the north along the Mediterranean Sea and in the eastern part along the Red Sea, reflecting an oceanic plate with a thin, high-density crust. The deepest Moho depths are located in the southwestern part of Egypt, Red Sea coastal mountains, and Sinai Peninsula. The obtained 3D model of crustal thickness provided finely detailed Moho depth estimates that aligned closely with geology and tectonic characteristics of Egypt, contributing valuable insights into the subsurface structure and tectonic processes of region.