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2025年西藏定日6.8级地震辐射能量和能矩比的测定

Determination of Radiated Energy and Energy-Moment Ratio for the 2025 Tibet Dingri 6.8 Magnitude Earthquake

  • 摘要: 地震辐射能量是关于震源定量的特征量,不仅取决于初始应力和最终应力,也与破裂历史有关,反映震源动态特征;能矩比是单位地震矩辐射的地震波能量,体现了应力降、震源破裂速度和剪切波速度变化之间的平衡关系,高能矩比的地震应变释放会比较快。快速准确地测定地震辐射能量和能矩比在地震灾害评估、地震定量化研究和工程地震学研究中具有重要作用。本文利用全球地震台网的波形数据,测定了2025年1月7日发生的西藏定日地震的辐射能量、能矩比、慢度参数、视应力等动态震源参数,并测定了地震矩、矩震级等震源静态震源参数,得到的主要结果为:(1)本次地震的辐射能量为9.73×1014 J,折合能量震级ME为7.1,震源破裂时间为24 s;(2)本次地震的震源机制为正断层,地震矩为4.98×1019 N·m,折合矩震级MW为7.1,震源机制节面Ⅰ为191°/32°/−67°,节面Ⅱ为344°/60°/−104°,矩心深度12.3 km;(3)本次地震的能矩比为1.95×10−5,慢度参数为−4.71,视应力0.59 MPa,能矩比高于中国大陆正断型地震的平均水平。综上所述,此次地震属于能量释放效率较高的正断型地震,表明该地震对当地建筑物和基础设施的潜在破坏力较大,在近场造成了非常严重的地面建筑破坏和人员伤亡。

     

    Abstract: Seismic radiation energy is a quantitative characteristic of the seismic source that not only depends on the initial and final stresses but also on the rupture history, reflecting the dynamic characteristics of the source. The energy-to-moment ratio is the seismic wave energy radiated per unit seismic moment, and it represents the balance between stress drop, rupture velocity, and variations in shear wave velocity. Earthquakes with a high energy-to-moment ratio release strain energy more rapidly. Accurately and quickly determining seismic radiation energy and the energy-to-moment ratio plays an important role in seismic hazard assessment, quantitative earthquake research, and engineering seismology. In this study, we used waveform data from the global seismic network to measure the dynamic source parameters, including the radiation energy, energy-to-moment ratio, duration parameter, and apparent stress of the earthquake that occurred on January 7, 2025, in Dingri, Tibet. Static source parameters, such as seismic moment and moment magnitude, were also determined. The main results are as follows: (1)The radiation energy of this earthquake is 9.73×1014J, corresponding to an energy magnitude Me of 7.1, with a rupture duration of 24 seconds. (2)The source mechanism of this earthquake is normal faulting, with a seismic moment of 4.98×1019N·m, corresponding to a moment magnitude MW of 7.1. The fault plane parameters are as follows: Plane I: 191°/32°/-67°, Plane II: 344°/60°/-104°, and the depth of the centroid is 12.3 km. (3)The energy-to-moment ratio of this earthquake is 1.95×10−5, the duration parameter is -4.71, and the apparent stress is 0.59 MPa. The energy-to-moment ratio is higher than the average level for normal-fault earthquakes in mainland China. In conclusion, this earthquake is a normal-fault earthquake with a relatively high energy release efficiency, indicating a significant potential for damage to local buildings and infrastructure. The earthquake caused severe damage to ground structures and significant casualties in the near field.

     

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