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基于密集台阵和深度学习的海城和岫岩地区地震活动性分析

Analysis of seismicity in the Haicheng-Xiuyan region based on dense array data and deep learning methods

  • 摘要: 1975年海城MS7.3地震和1999年岫岩MS5.4地震的余震长期处于活跃状态,2018−2020年布设于华北东部地区的ChinArray三期密集台阵较好地提升了该区域的地震监测能力,其有利于高精度地震目录的构建以研究其断层结构和发震机制。本文选取了距海城地震震中150公里范围内的15个固定台站和37个ChinArray三期台站,利用深度学习方法拾取了这些台站在2018年1月至2020年7月期间连续波形记录中的P/S震相到时,并据此自动化构建了海城-岫岩地区的地震目录。该目录可复现中国地震台网中心人工目录中98.3%的地震事件,地震数量增加了9.7倍,完备震级由ML1.8下降至ML1.1。地震精定位结果表明海城河-大洋河断裂的走向存在明显变化并在1975年海城MS7.3地震附近揭示出弯曲的断层形态,其或许作为流体迁移的通道,从而控制着该区域的地震活动以及海城地震的成核过程。在海城和岫岩之间地震活动相对较弱,可能指示断层处于闭锁状态。结果也显示1999年岫岩MS5.4地震及其余震序列发生于康家岭断裂及其北东东向的共轭断裂上,两者相交位置为1999年岫岩MS5.4地震和2000年岫岩MS5.1地震的震源区位置,因此岫岩地震序列可能是受康家岭断裂及其共轭断裂的共同控制。本研究表明,利用深度学习方法从密集地震观测中获取的自动化地震目录可为研究大中型地震的断层结构和发震机制提供重要信息。

     

    Abstract: The aftershocks of the 1975 MS7.3 Haicheng and 1999 MS5.4 Xiuyan earthquakes have persisted for a long time. The ChinArray-III dense stations, deployed in eastern North China from 2018 to 2020, increased seismic monitoring capability in the Haicheng-Xiuyan region, which can facilitate the construction of high-precision earthquake catalogs to better clarify the fault structures and seismogenic mechanisms of the two earthquakes. In this study, we selected 15 permanent stations and 37 ChinArray-III stations within 150 km of the epicenter of the Haicheng Earthquake. Next, we used deep learning methods to pick P- and S-wave phases from continuous waveforms recorded at these stations from January 2018 to July 2020. Based on these picks, we constructed an automatic earthquake catalog of the Haicheng-Xiuyan region. Compared with the routine manual catalog by China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC), our catalog contains 9.7 times more seismic events, including 98.3% of the seismic events in the CENC catalog, and has a lower magnitude of completeness (Mc = 1.1 vs Mc = 1.8 for the CENC catalog). The relocated events indicate that the strike of the Haichenghe-Dayanghe fault varies considerably from northwest to southeast, indicating that the fault bends slightly around the hypocenter of the 1975 MS7.3 Haicheng earthquake which may act as a channel for fluid migration. The weak seismicity in the area between Haicheng and Xiuyan indicates that the fault section may be locked. Furthermore, the 1999 MS5.4 Xiuyan earthquake and its aftershock sequence occurred on the Kangjialing fault and its ENE-trending conjugate fault, and the intersection of the two faults coincides with the source areas of the 1999 MS5.4 and 2000 MS5.1 Xiuyan earthquakes. Therefore, the Xiuyan earthquake sequence may be controlled by the Kangjialing fault and its conjugate fault. This study shows that the automatic earthquake catalog, obtained by deep learning methods and dense seismic array, can provide valuable information for fault structures and the seismogenic mechanisms of moderate-to-strong earthquakes.

     

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